:root{color-scheme:light;--ink:#171713;--ink-soft:#33342d;--ink-muted:#66695e;--paper:#f5f1e8;--paper-warm:#eee6d8;--paper-cool:#e8ece6;--paper-white:#fffdf7;--rule:#202018;--rule-soft:#b6ad9f;--rust:#8a4b1d;--rust-dark:#5c2f14;--green:#4c674e;--green-dark:#26392a;--blue:#394f5b;--clay:#a05f4e;--danger:#a0362f;--font-display:"DM Serif Display", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;--font-body:"Work Sans", "Lato", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif}.skip-link{z-index:1000;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:.75rem 1rem;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none;position:absolute;top:0;left:-9999px}.skip-link:focus{left:0}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{background:var(--paper)}body{font-family:var(--font-body);color:var(--ink);background:linear-gradient(90deg, #20201808 1px, transparent 1px) 0 0 / 96px 96px, linear-gradient(180deg, var(--paper-white) 0, var(--paper) 42%, var(--paper-cool) 100%);margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.6}body::selection{background:var(--rust);color:var(--paper-white)}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:hover{color:var(--rust)}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit}:focus-visible{outline-offset:3px;outline:3px solid #8a4b1d59}.page{flex-direction:column;min-height:100vh;display:flex}main{flex:1}.container,.content-rail{width:min(100%, var(--max-width));padding:0 var(--edge);margin:0 auto}.site-header{border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);z-index:20;background:#fffdf7f2;position:sticky;top:0}.nav{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:24px;min-height:86px;display:flex}.brand{color:var(--ink);align-items:center;display:inline-flex}.brand-logo{width:196px;height:auto}.brand-mark{filter:saturate(0)contrast(1.18)}.nav-links{flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:center;gap:18px;display:flex}.nav-links a,.footer a,.site-footer a{letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;border-bottom:2px solid #0000;padding-bottom:4px;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:800}.nav-links a:hover,.footer a:hover,.site-footer a:hover{color:var(--rust-dark);border-color:var(--rust)}.section,.section-band{border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);padding:64px 0}.section-tight{padding:38px 0}.section-paper{background:#fffdf7b8}.section-green{background:var(--green-dark);color:var(--paper-white)}.section-blue{background:var(--blue);color:var(--paper-white)}.section-warm{background:var(--paper-warm)}.field-hero{border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 320px;align-items:end;gap:48px;padding:70px 0 58px;display:grid}.field-hero h1,.page-title,.section-title,.tool-title,.post h1,.post-content h1{font-family:var(--font-display);color:inherit;margin:0;font-weight:400;line-height:1.05}.field-hero h1{max-width:760px;font-size:4.1rem}.page-title{font-size:3.4rem}.section-title{font-size:2.5rem}.tool-title{font-size:2rem}.field-hero p,.page-lede,.section-subtitle{color:var(--ink-soft);max-width:760px;font-size:1.06rem}.section-green .section-subtitle,.section-green .page-lede,.section-blue .section-subtitle,.section-blue .page-lede{color:#fffdf7d6}.eyebrow,.section-kicker,.tag,.tool-label,.meta-label,.field-label{color:var(--rust-dark);letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:800}.section-green .eyebrow,.section-green .section-kicker,.section-green .tag,.section-blue .eyebrow,.section-blue .section-kicker,.section-blue .tag{color:#f0c9a7}.field-hero .lead-rule,.lead-rule{border-left:3px solid var(--rust);margin-top:24px;padding-left:18px}.focus-box,.field-note,.trust-block,.printable-callout,.rail-panel{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper-white);padding:22px}.focus-box h2,.rail-panel h3,.trust-block h3,.printable-callout h3{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:0 0 10px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.18}.focus-box p,.rail-panel p,.field-note p,.trust-block p,.printable-callout p{margin:0}.action-row,.hero-actions,.cta-actions{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:12px;display:flex}.button,button.button{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--ink);min-height:44px;color:var(--paper-white);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;cursor:pointer;border-radius:0;justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding:11px 18px;font-size:.76rem;font-weight:800;display:inline-flex}.button:after{content:" ->";letter-spacing:0;margin-left:8px}.button.secondary{color:var(--ink);background:0 0}.section-green .button.secondary,.section-blue .button.secondary{color:var(--paper-white);border-color:var(--paper-white)}.button:hover,button.button:hover{background:var(--rust);color:var(--paper-white)}.button.secondary:hover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper-white)}.section-heading{border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;gap:24px;margin-bottom:28px;padding-bottom:16px;display:flex}.section-heading.compact{align-items:center}.section-heading>div{max-width:780px}.section-sprite,.article-sprite{display:none}.utility-grid,.tool-grid-cards,.printable-grid,.cluster-grid{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2px;display:grid}.utility-card,.tool-panel,.printable-item,.cluster-panel{background:var(--paper-white);flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;gap:22px;min-height:260px;padding:28px;display:flex}.utility-card h3,.tool-panel h3,.printable-item h3,.cluster-panel h3,.directory-item h3,.magazine-item strong,.card h4{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:0;font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.16}.utility-card p,.tool-panel p,.printable-item p,.cluster-panel p,.directory-item p,.card p{color:var(--ink-soft);margin:0}.tool-code,.spec-code{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);color:var(--ink-muted);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;align-self:flex-start;padding:3px 7px;font-size:.68rem;font-weight:800}.mini-meter,.tool-bar-wrap,.tool-range-wrap{gap:8px;display:grid}.mini-meter-line,.tool-bar-track,.tool-range-track{border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper);height:12px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mini-meter-line span,.tool-bar-fill{background:var(--rust);height:100%;display:block}.tool-bar-fill.low{background:var(--green)}.tool-bar-fill.medium{background:var(--rust)}.tool-bar-fill.high{background:var(--danger)}.editorial-grid,.rail-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 330px;align-items:start;gap:48px;display:grid}.editorial-rail{border-left:2px solid var(--rule);gap:26px;padding-left:28px;display:grid}.directory-list,.magazine-list{border-top:2px solid var(--rule)}.directory-item,.magazine-item{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:center;gap:24px;padding:22px 0;display:grid}.directory-item:hover,.magazine-item:hover{background:#8a4b1d12}.directory-item .arrow,.magazine-item:after{content:"->";color:var(--rust);font-weight:800}.meta-strip,.post-meta,.trust-strip{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:stretch;gap:12px;display:flex}.meta-strip span,.post-meta span,.trust-strip p{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);background:#fffdf7c7;margin:0;padding:9px 11px;font-size:.86rem}.trust-strip{margin:22px 0 28px}.trust-strip p{flex:260px}.tool-shell,.calculation-desk{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper-white)}.calculation-desk-header,.tool-shell-header{border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:20px 26px;display:flex}.calculation-desk-body,.tool-shell-body{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.95fr) minmax(0,1.05fr);gap:0;display:grid}.tool-grid,.tool-inputs{border-right:2px solid var(--rule);gap:18px;padding:28px;display:grid}.tool-output{background:#fffdfa;gap:18px;padding:28px;display:grid}.tool-field{gap:6px;display:grid;position:relative}.tool-field span,.tool-field label{color:var(--ink-soft);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:800}.tool-field input,.tool-field select{border:0;border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);width:100%;min-height:42px;color:var(--ink);background:0 0;border-radius:0;padding:8px 0}.tool-field input:focus,.tool-field select:focus{border-color:var(--rust);outline:0}.tool-results,.tool-results-grid{gap:16px;display:grid}.tool-results-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.tool-results>*,.tool-results-grid>*{min-width:0}.tool-result-box{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);background:var(--paper);padding:18px}.tool-value{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:0;font-size:2.25rem;line-height:1.1}.tool-value-small{font-size:1.25rem;font-family:var(--font-body);font-weight:800}.tool-note{color:var(--ink-muted);margin:0;font-size:.92rem}.tool-pill{border:1px solid var(--rule);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:4px 8px;font-size:.7rem;font-weight:800;display:inline-flex}.tool-pill.low{background:var(--paper-cool);color:var(--green-dark)}.tool-pill.medium{color:var(--rust-dark);background:#f3dfc2}.tool-pill.high{color:var(--danger);background:#f0d3cc}.tool-pill.neutral{background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink-muted)}.tool-action-list{margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem}.tool-action-list li+li{margin-top:8px}.tool-range-zone,.tool-range-marker{height:100%;position:absolute;top:0}.tool-range-zone{background:#4c674e40}.tool-range-marker{background:var(--ink);width:3px}.tool-range-marker.current{background:var(--rust)}.schematic{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);background:linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 0 48%, #394f5b26 48% 50%, transparent 50%), linear-gradient(90deg, #2020180f 1px, transparent 1px) 0 0 / 24px 24px, var(--paper);text-align:center;min-height:260px;color:var(--ink-muted);place-items:center;padding:24px;display:grid}.schematic strong{color:var(--ink)}.cards,.pillars{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:0;display:grid}.card,.pillar,.panel,.quick-card{background:var(--paper-white);box-shadow:none;border:0;border-radius:0;padding:22px}.card-image{border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper);margin:-22px -22px 16px}.card-image img,.spotlight-media img,.hero-image img,.post-hero img{aspect-ratio:16/9;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.spotlight-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 330px;align-items:start;gap:32px;display:grid}.spotlight-card{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper-white)}.spotlight-content{padding:24px}.magazine-stack{border-left:2px solid var(--rule);padding-left:24px}.magazine-stack h3{font-family:var(--font-display);border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule);margin:0 0 14px;padding-bottom:10px;font-size:1.65rem;font-weight:400}.magazine-item{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) auto}.magazine-item .tag{grid-column:1/-1}.split,.split-emphasis{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(280px,.8fr);align-items:start;gap:28px;display:grid}.quick-card-grid{border:1px solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.quick-card-title{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:0 0 12px;font-size:1.45rem}.quick-card-item{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);padding:13px}.quick-card-item strong{color:var(--rust-dark);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:800;display:block}.post,.article-shell{max-width:var(--max-width);margin:0 auto}.article-mast{display:none}.post .page-title{max-width:900px;margin-top:12px}.post-hero,.hero-image{border:2px solid var(--rule);margin:26px 0 34px}.post-content{max-width:var(--content-width);margin:0 auto}.article-body-shell .article-shell,.article-body-shell .post-content{max-width:none;margin:0}.post-content h2,.post-content h3,.post-content h4{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:42px 0 12px;font-weight:400;line-height:1.18}.post-content h2{border-top:2px solid var(--rule);padding-top:22px;font-size:2rem}.post-content h3{font-size:1.55rem}.post-content p,.post-content li{color:var(--ink-soft)}.post-content a{color:var(--rust-dark);text-underline-offset:3px;text-decoration:underline}.post-content ul,.post-content ol{padding-left:1.35rem}.post-content blockquote{border-left:4px solid var(--rust);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-display);margin:28px 0;padding:8px 0 8px 20px;font-size:1.35rem;line-height:1.35}.post-content table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:24px 0;font-size:.92rem}.post-content th,.post-content td{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);text-align:left;vertical-align:top;word-break:break-word;max-width:250px;padding:10px}@media (width<=600px){.post-content table{-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;display:block;overflow-x:auto}}.post-content th{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper-white)}.toc,.notice,.faq,.post-content .quick-card{border:2px solid var(--rule);background:var(--paper-white);margin:28px 0;padding:22px}.toc-title,.notice-title,.faq-title{border-top:0!important;margin-top:0!important;padding-top:0!important}.faq-item{border-top:1px solid var(--rule-soft);padding:14px 0}.faq-q{margin-top:.75em;font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:800}.post-content .faq .faq-q:first-child{margin-top:0}.faq-a{color:var(--ink-soft)}.h2-marker{display:none!important}.site-footer,.footer{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper-white);border-top:2px solid var(--rule);margin-top:auto;padding:48px 0}.footer-mark img{filter:invert()grayscale()contrast(1.3);width:190px}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1.1fr repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:28px;margin-top:24px;display:grid}.footer h5,.site-footer h5{font-family:var(--font-display);margin:0 0 10px;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:400}.footer p,.site-footer p{color:#fffdf7b8;margin:0 0 8px}.footer a,.site-footer a{color:var(--paper-white)}@media (width<=980px){:root{--edge:20px}.nav{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;padding:18px 0}.nav-links{justify-content:flex-start;gap:12px 16px}.field-hero,.editorial-grid,.rail-layout,.spotlight-grid,.split,.split-emphasis{grid-template-columns:1fr}.field-hero h1{font-size:3.2rem}.page-title{font-size:2.65rem}.section-title{font-size:2rem}.utility-grid,.tool-grid-cards,.printable-grid,.cluster-grid,.cards,.pillars{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.editorial-rail,.magazine-stack{border-left:0;border-top:2px solid var(--rule);padding-top:24px;padding-left:0}.calculation-desk-body,.tool-shell-body{grid-template-columns:1fr}.tool-grid,.tool-inputs{border-right:0;border-bottom:2px solid var(--rule)}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media (width<=640px){body{font-size:15px}.brand-logo{width:170px}.nav-links a,.footer a,.site-footer a{font-size:.68rem}.field-hero{padding:44px 0 40px}.field-hero h1{font-size:2.45rem}.page-title{font-size:2.15rem}.section-title{font-size:1.72rem}.utility-grid,.tool-grid-cards,.printable-grid,.cluster-grid,.cards,.pillars,.tool-results-grid,.quick-card-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.directory-item,.magazine-item{grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:8px 14px}.directory-item .tag,.directory-item .meta-label{grid-column:1/-1}.section,.section-band{padding:44px 0}.utility-card,.tool-panel,.printable-item,.cluster-panel{min-height:auto}.footer-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}